Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Biochemistry, Balochistan Agriculture College, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan

2 Islmaic International University Islamabad, Pakistan

3 BUITEMS Quetta and L&DDD, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan

10.18869/IJABBR.2015.361

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the comparison between some seminal plasma parameters and age of the bull. Concentrations of various biochemical parameters like fructose, glucose, total proteins, albumin and inorganic ions including Na, K and Cl ions of seminal plasma of breeding Sahiwal bulls of different ageswere assessed. Methods: 40Sahiwal bullsdivided into 4 age groups.Semen (2ml pooled) from each bull was collected via artificial vagina. Seminal fructose was determined by Resorcinol method, while seminal glucose, totalprotein and albumin were estimated by automated clinical chemistry analyzer and inorganic ions were determined by MedicaEasylyte Na/K/Cl analyzer. Highest values of fructose, glucose, potassium and albumin were recorded in A Group bulls, On the other hand lowest values of fructose, glucose and potassium were recorded in D group, while albumin concentrations were similar in B and C groups bulls and lower in D group.Highest values of sodium and chloride were recorded in D group bulls, and lowest values of seminal sodium and chloride were recorded in group A bulls. Total proteins concentrations were similar in bulls of four age groups. Concentrations of these parameters showed high variability with respect to age in Sahiwal bulls which tends to clarify the variation of these seminal parameters with respect to age of bulls. This study suggested that seminal plasma of semen should be evaluated for these seminal parameters before the packing of semen for cryopreservation irrespective of the age and breed of the bull.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Assumpcao, T.I., Torres Junior, R.A.A., Sousa, M.V., Ricart, C.A.O., 2005. Correlation between fertility and levels of protein, sugar and free amino acids in seminal plasma of Nelore bulls.ArquivoBrasileiro de MedicinaVeterinária e Zootecnia, 57, 55-61.
Azam, M., Anzar, M., Arslan, M., 1998. Assessment of post-thaw semen quality of buffalo and Sahiwal bulls using new semen assays. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 18, 2.
Baas, J.W., Molan, P.C., Shannon, P., 1983. Factors in seminal plasma of bulls that affect the viability and motility of spermatozoa.Journal of reproduction and fertility, 68, 275-280.
Barrier-Battut, I., Delajarraud, H., Legrand, E., Bruyas, J.F., Fieni, F., Tainturier, D., Thorin, C ., Pouliquen, H., 2002.
Calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc in seminal plasma of fertile stallions, and their relationship with semen freezability. Theriogenology, 58, 229-232.
Bellin, M.E., Hawkins, H.E., Ax, R.L., 1994. Fertility of range beef bulls grouped according to presence or absence of heparin-binding proteins in sperm membranes and seminal fluid. Journal of animal science, 72, 2441-2448.
Bellin, M.E., Hawkins, H.E., Oyarzo, J.N., Vanderboom, R.J., Ax, R.L., 1996. Monoclonal antibody detection of heparin-binding proteins on sperm corresponds to increased fertility of bulls. J. Anim. Sci., 74, 173-182.
Bergeron, A., Crête, M.H., Brindle, Y., Manjunath, P., 2004. Low-density lipoprotein fraction from hen's egg yolk decreases the binding of the major proteins of Bovine seminal plasma to sperm and prevents lipid Efflux from
the sperm membrane. Biol. Reprod., 70(3), 708-717.
Beyersdorf, S., 1998. The influence of seminal plasma on spermatological motility in bulls.München Univ., Diss.
Brahmkshtri, B.P., Edwin, M.J., John, M.C., Nainar, A.M., Krishnan, A.R., 1999. Relative efficacy of conventional sperm parameters and sperm penetration bioassay to assess bull fertility in vitro. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 54, 159-168.
Brandon, C.I., Heusner, G.L., Caudle, A.B., Fayrer-Hosken, R.A., 1999. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of equine seminal plasma proteins and their correlation with fertility.Theriogenol., 52, 863-873.
Cancel, A.M., Chapman, D.A., Killian, G.J., 1999. Osteopontin localization in the Holstein bull reproductive tract. Biol. Reprod., 60, 454-460.
Cevik, M., Tuncer, P.B., Tasdemir, U., Ozgurtas, T., 2007. Comparison of spermatological characteristics and biochemical seminal plasma parameters of normozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic bulls of two breeds.Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 31, 381-387.
Control for determination of fructose in seminal plasma. J. Androl., 28, 207-213.
Correa, J.R., Pace, M.M., Zavos, P.M., 1997. Relationships among frozen-thawed sperm characteristics accessed via the routine semen analysis, sperm functional tests and fertility of bulls in an artificial insemination program.
Theriogenol., 48, 721-731.
Cross, N.L., 1993. Multiple effects of seminal plasma on the acrosome reaction of human sperm. Molecular reproduction and development, 35, 316-323.
David, R. Rocha, Jorge André M. Martins, Mauricio F. van Tilburg, Rodrigo V. Oliveira, Frederico B. Moreno, Ana Cristina O. Monteiro-Moreira, Renato A. Moreira, Airton A. Araújo, 2015. Effect of increased testicular temperature on seminal plasma proteome of the ram.Theriogenol., 84(8), 1291–1305.
Elliot, F.L., 1978. Significance of semen quality. In: Salisbury, G.W., VanDemark, N.L., Lodge, J.R. (Ed.). Physiology of reproduction and artificial insemination of cattle. San Francisco: W.H.Freeman. 428-441.
Fernández-Gago, R., Domínguez, J.C., Pastor, F.M., 2013. Seminal plasma applied post-thawing affects boar sperm physiology: A flow cytometry study. Theriogenol., 80(4), 400–410.
Finkielman, J.D., Oyen, L.J., Afessa, B., 2005. Agreement between bedside blood and plasma glucose measurement in the ICU setting. CHEST J., 127, 1749-1751.
Garner, D.L., Thomas, C.A., Gravance, C.G., Marshall, C.E., DeJarnette, J.M., Allen, C.H., 2001. Seminal plasma addition attenuates the dilution effect in bovine sperm. Theriogenol., 56, 31-40.
Goericke-Pesch, S., Hauck, S., Failing, K., Wehrend, A., 2015. Effect of seminal plasma vesicular structures in canine frozen-thawed semen. Theriogenol., 84(9), 1490–1498.
Hirsch, I.H., Jeyendran, R.S., Sedor, J., Rosecrans, R.R., Staas, W.E., 1991. Biochemical analysis of electroejaculates in spinal cord injured men: comparison to normal ejaculates. J. Urol., 145, 73-76.
Inskeep, P.B., Magargee, S.F., Hammerstedt, R.H., 1985. Alterations in motility and metabolism associated with sperm interaction with accessory sex gland fluids. Arch. Bioch. Biophy., 241, 1-9.
Jobim, M.I.M., Oberst, E.R., Salbego, C.G., Souza, D.O., Wald, V.B., Tramontina, F., Mattos, R.C., 2004. Twodimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of bovine seminal plasma proteins and their relation with
semen freezability.Theriogenol., 61, 255-266.
Joseph,T., Zalenskaya, I.A., Sawyer, L.C., Chandra, N., Doncel, G.F., 2013. Seminal plasma induces prostaglandinendoperoxide synthase (PTGS) 2 expression in immortalized human vaginal cells: involvement of semen
prostaglandin E2 in PTGS2 upregulation. Biol. Reprod., 88(1), 1-10.
Kaczmarek, M.M., Krawczynski, K., Filant, J., 2013. Seminal plasma affects prostaglandin synthesis and angiogenesis in the porcine uterus. Biol. Reprod., 88(3), 72, 1-11.
Kanwal, M., Rehman, N.U., Ahmad, M., Samad, H.A., Zia-ur-Rahman, Akhtar, N., Ali, S., 2000. Bulk cations and trace elements in the Nili-Ravi buffalo and crossbred cow bull semen. Int. J. Agr. Biol., 2, 302-205.
Killian, G.J., Chapman, D.A., Rogowski, L.A., 1993. Fertility-associated proteins in Holstein bull seminal plasma. Biol. Reprod., 49, 1202-1207.
Lewis-Jones, D.I., Aird, I.A., Biljan, M.M., Kingsland, C.R., 1996. Effects of sperm activity on zinc and fructose concentrations in seminal plasma. Hum. Reprod., 11, 2465-2467.
Lindholmer, C.H., 1974. The importance of seminal plasma for human sperm motility. Biol. Reprod., 10, 533-542.
Lu, J.C., Chen, F., Xu, H.R., Huang, Y.F., Lu, N.Q., 2007. Standardization and quality.
Mann, T., Lutwak-Mann, C., 1981. Male reproductive function and semen. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Verlag. 282–283.
Mann, T., 1964. The biochemistry of semen and of the male reproductive tract.2nd. Edn. London, Methuen, Press. 265-364.
Massanyi, P., Trandzik, J., Nad, P., Korenekova, B., Skalicka, M., Toman, R., Lukac, N., Halo, M., Strapak, P., 2004.
Concentration of copper, iron, zinc, cadmium, lead, and nickel in bull and ram semen and relation to the occurrence of pathological spermatozoa. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 39, 3005-3014.
Massanyi, P., Trandzik, J., Nad, P., Toman, R., Skalicka, M., Korenekova, B., 2003. Seminal concentrations of trace elements in various animals and their correlations. Asia. J. Androl., 5, 101-104.
Meizel, S., 1997. Amino acid neurotransmitter receptor/chloride channels of mammalian sperm and the acrosome reaction. Biol. Reprod., 56, 569-574.
Miller, D.J., Winer, M.A., Ax, R.L., 1990. Heparin-binding proteins from seminal plasma bind to bovine spermatozoa and modulate capacitation by heparin. Biol. Reprod., 42, 899-915.
Morrell, J.M., Georgakas, A., Lundeheim, N., Nash, D., Davies Morel, M.C.G., Johannisson. A., 2014. Effect of heterologous and homologous seminal plasma on stallion sperm quality. Theriogenol., 82(1),176–183.
Mortarino, M., Tedeschi, G., Negri, A., Ceciliani, F., Gottardi, L., Maffeo, G., Ronchi, S., 1998. Two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis map of bull seminal plasma proteins. Electrophoresis, 19, 797-801.
Mosaferi, S., Niasari-Naslaji, A., Abarghani, A., Gharahdaghi, A.A., Gerami, A., 2005. Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of bactrian camel semen collected by artificial vagina. Theriogenol., 63, 92-101.
Papathakis, P.C., Rollins, N.C., Chantry, C.J., Bennish, M.L., Brown, K.H., 2007. Micronutrient status during lactation in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected South African women during the first 6 mo after delivery. The American j.
Clin. Nutr., 85, 182-192.
Parent, S., Lefièvre, L., Brindle, Y., Sullivan, R., 1999. Bull subfertility is associated with low levels of a sperm membrane antigen. Molecul. Reprod. Dev., 52, 57-65.
Rodríguez-Martinez, H., Larsson, B., 1998. Assessment of sperm fertilizing ability in farm animals. Acta. Agr. Scand.
 Roncoletta, M., 1999. Perfilem SDS-PAGE das proteínas de espermatozóides e plasma seminalrelacionados com a congelabilidade de sêmen de touros., 109p (Doctoral dissertation, Dissertação (MestradoemCiênciasAgrárias
e Veterinárias)–Faculdade de CiênciasAgrárias e Veterinárias, UniversidadeEstadualPaulista, Jaboticabal-SP).
Salisbury, G.T., 1957. Effect of phosphate and chloride ions on aerobic metabolism of bovine spermatozoa. J. Exp. Biol., 34, 52-59.
Seyfettin, G.U.R., Demirci, E., 2000. Effect of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium levels in seminal plasma of holstein bulls on spermatological characters. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 24, 275-282.
Shukla, M.K., Misra, A.K., Gupta, H.P., 2009. Studies on some biochemical constituents of Murrah buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) seminal plasma. Buff. Bull., 28, 123-126.
Słowioska, M., Liszewska, E., Nynca, J., Bukowska, J., Hejmej, A., Bilioska, B., Szubstarski, J., Kozłowski, K., Jankowski, J., Ciereszko, A., 2014. Isolation and characterization of an ovoinhibitor, a multidomainkazal-like inhibitor from turkey (Meleagrisgallopavo) seminal plasma. Biol. Reprod., 91(5), 108, 115.
Słowioska, M., Bukowska, J., Hejmej, A., Bilioska, B., Kozłowski, K., Jankowski, J., Ciereszko, A., 2015. Hepatocyte
growth factor activator is a potential target proteinase for Kazal-type inhibitor in turkey (Meleagrisgallopavo) seminal plasma. Theriogenol., 84(3), 425–436.
Sorensen, M.B., Bergdahl, I.A., Hjøllund, N.H.I., Bonde, J.P.E., Stoltenberg, M., Ernst, E., 1999. Zinc, magnesium and calcium in human seminal fluid: relations to other semen parameters and fertility. Mol. Hum. Reprod., 5, 331-
337.
Strzezek, J., Saiz-Cidoncha, F., Wysocki, P., 2002. Seminal plasma proteins as markers of biological value of boar semen. Anim. Sci. Pap. Repor., 20, 255-266.
Tribulo, P., Bogle, O., Mapletoft, R.J., Adams, G.P., 2014. Bioactivity of ovulation inducing factor (or nerve growth factor) in bovine seminal plasma and its effects on ovarian function in cattle.Theriogenol., 83(9), 1394–1401.
Villemure, M., Lazure, C., Manjunath, P., 2003. Isolation and characterization of gelatin-binding proteins from goat seminal plasma. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol., 1, 39.
Wijeranta, S., Senevirantnel, H.R., Ratnasooriya, W.D., 2005. Reproductive hormones in seminal plasma: it’s effect on semen quality. Ceylon. J. Med. Sci., 48, 53-60.
Williams, A.C., Ford, W.C.L., 2001. The role of glucose in supporting motility and capacitation in human spermatozoa. J. Androl., 22, 680-695.
Yanagimachi, R., 1994. Fertility of mammalian spermatozoa: its development and relativity. Zygote, 2, 371-372.
Zhang, B.R., Larsson, B., Lundeheim, N., Rodriguez-Martinez, H., 1998. Sperm characteristics and zonapellucida binding in relation to field fertility of frozen-thawed semen from dairy AI bulls. Int. J. Androl., 21, 207-216.
Zopfgen, A., Priem, F., Sudhoff, F., Jung, K., Lenk, S., Loening, S.A., Sinha, P., 2000. Relationship between semen quality and the seminal plasma components carnitine, alpha-glucosidase, fructose, citrate and granulocyte
elastase in infertile men compared with a normal population. Hum. Reprod., 15, 840-845.