International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research

Emerging Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria, with Focus on Staphylococcus Aureus, Enterococcus Spp., and Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Favour Onaskohare Okunbi; Confidence Damian Oparah; Victor Nduka Eluwa; Rosemary Modupeoluwa Awolade; Precious Ifechukwuni Ikuni; Muhammad Bello Demola; Christianah Oluwatosin Agboola; Temitope Oluwapelumi Babalola; Abdul-Hanan Saani Inusah; Abigail Daniel Agbo; Onyekachi Uchenna Uchejuru; Minasu Benjamin Oke; Auguatine Stanley Ugbobuaku

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 06 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017880.1476

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is becoming more prevalent, which presents as an urgent risk to world-wide well-being, necessitating an urgent exploration of its mechanisms, implications, and ... Read More

Morphological Properties of Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bert.) Affected by Foliar Application of Iron, Zinc, and Salicylic Acid under Drought Stress

Alireza Gorzi; Heshmat Omidi; Amir Bostani; Mohammad Hosein Bijeh Keshavarzi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2021995.1487

Abstract

Background: Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) is an important source of natural sugar, for the use of people, especially those with diabetes. However, there is no data on the growth ... Read More Background: Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) is an important source of natural sugar, for the use of people, especially those with diabetes. However, there is no data on the growth of stevia under drought conditions affected by plant growth regulators (PGR).Methods: A two-year experiment using 5 kg pots was conducted under field conditions. The objective was to determine the morphological properties of stevia affected by the foliar use of iron (FeSO4, 4 mg/L), zinc (ZnSo4, 3 mg/L), and salicylic acid (1 mM) under different levels of drought stress including control (field capacity, 0.5 atm), 3.5, 6.5, and 10 Atm. Soil water potential was investigated during the experiment using an eco-tensiometer, set with a computer. Different plant morphological properties including plant height (PH), number of leaf per plant (NLP), number of stem per plant (NSP), aerial part fresh weight (AFW), aerial part dry weight or biological yield (ADW), leaf dry weight (LDW), stem dry weight (SDW), and the ratio of LDW/ SDW were determined.Results: Stress, PGR, and their interactions significantly affected the measured parameters. Accordingly, drought stress significantly decreased stevia growth, and there was not much of difference among different growth-related factors, under the stress, as they followed a similar trend of growth. The reduction of different growth parameters at the highest level of stress was in the range of 57-76%, related to the control. However, the use of PGR, especially the combined treatments, significantly increased the growth of the stressed plants related to the control treatment, with an increase range of 9.14-22.61% by the triple treatment.Conclusion: Among the single treatments, the iron treatment, and among the combined treatments, the combination of the three PGR, followed by Fe+Zn was the most effective ones. It is possible to increase stevia growth under drought stress using the PGR including Zn, Fe and salicylic acid tested in this research.

Synergistic Effects of Beauveria Bassiana, Diatomaceous Earth, and Insecticides on Mortality and Enzyme Activities of Spodoptera Frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Seham Mansour Ismail Ismail

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2022183.1491

Abstract

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most destructive pests for many agricultural crops. Since quickly develops resistance ... Read More

Anti-hyperuricemic and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Jatropha tanjorensis Methanolic Extract in Pyrazinamide-Induced Mice

Abdulkadir Abdullahi; Caroline Eneogbu; Sakariyau Adio Waheed; Maimuna Umar; Fatimah Madaki; Yahaya Abubakar

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 115-129

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017433.1474

Abstract

Hyperuricemia presents as a prevailing concern in routine clinical practice, affecting an estimated 8.9% to 24.4% of the general populace. Central to the emergence of hyperuricemia ... Read More Hyperuricemia presents as a prevailing concern in routine clinical practice, affecting an estimated 8.9% to 24.4% of the general populace. Central to the emergence of hyperuricemia and its associated ailments is the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO), which participates in the breakdown of purines into uric acid. This investigation is dedicated to appraising the ability of Jatropha tanjorensis methanolic extract to counteract hyperuricemia and inhibit XO in mice induced with pyrazinamide. The isolation of XO from cow milk was accomplished using ammonium sulfate precipitation techniques, followed by quantification of its activity via spectrophotometric measurements at a wavelength of 293 nm. Evaluation of uric acid levels was carried out through an enzyme colorimetric approach. The yield of Jatropha tanjorensis was found to be 9.2% (27.6 g). The XO inhibitory action of the extract was evident in the reduction in uric acid concentration from 8.73 μg/ml to 4.45 μg/ml after 1 hour. Assessment of toxicity showed that the extract, even at a high dose of 8000 mg/kg bw, had no observable impact on the animals’ behavior or physical appearance. The uric acid assay demonstrated that all three doses of Jatropha tanjorensis extract led to a noteworthy reduction in mean serum uric acid levels compared to the negative control group. The highest mean uric acid levels were noted in the negative control groups, measuring 5.36 ± 0.40 mg/dl and 2.71 ± 0.34 mg/dl, respectively. In contrast, the positive control group treated with febuxostat exhibited a mean uric acid level of 3.15 ± 0.27 mg/dl. Regarding weight changes, the normal control and positive control groups displayed average gains of 62.53 g and 35.94 g, respectively, while the negative control group did not exhibit substantial weight variation. Consequently, the Jatropha tanjorensis extract induced a notable reduction in serum uric acid levels, and this antihyperuricemic effect became more prominent as the extract concentration increased. This suggests the extract's potential value in managing hyperuricemia.

Effects of Jicama- (Pachyehizus erous) Based Oral Rehydration Solution on Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase in Diarrheagenic Rats

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Esther Omolabake Kehinde; Oluwatoyin Olabimpe Olofin

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 130-140

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017216.1472

Abstract

Diarrhea results in the disruption of intestinal architecture and marked decrease in the activity of intestinal brush border enzymes, including Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This study ... Read More

Hypoglycemic and Antioxidants Activities of Carica Papaya Leaves

Olumakinde Charles Omiyale; Blessing Ifeoluwa Ogunniran; Mercy Ogochukwu Ezeh; Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Confidence Damian Oparah; Fawaz Isshak

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 141-154

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017219.1473

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to assess the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Carica papaya's hypoglycemic effects. Yeast glucose uptake, muscle glucose uptake, and glucose ... Read More

Furan: A Promising Scaffold for Biological Activity

Gangurde Punam Nivrutti

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 167-181

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2017497.1475

Abstract

It was shown that several bioactive aromatic compounds with biological applications have the furan nucleus watch Numerous significant synthetic compounds include furan scaffold, which ... Read More

SERS Technique for Detection of COVID-19: A Review

Elaheh Farhadi Amin; Mozhdeh Haddadi

Volume 12, Issue 2 , April 2024, , Pages 182-191

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2018846.1484

Abstract

The detection of new variants of COVID-19 still faces challenges due to various observations in human society as well as possible reservoirs in domestic and wild animals, and the prediction ... Read More

Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Cassava Starch from Different Varieties as Affected by Gamma Irradiation

Isaac Kwabena Asare; Bernard Darfour

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 11-27

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2013764.1465

Abstract

Introduction: The most commonly consumed essential edible crop in many tropical countries in Africa, South America, and Asia is Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). There are limitations ... Read More Introduction: The most commonly consumed essential edible crop in many tropical countries in Africa, South America, and Asia is Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). There are limitations on the utilization of cassava roots by processors, and they are also highly perishable and bulky. Raw cassava starches are excessively weak in terms of their structure and functionality, hence, limiting the diversity of industrial applications. The objective was to estimate the outcome of gamma irradiation as an amending agent on raw cassava starch from three cassava types (Ankra, Bosome nsia and TME419).Materials and methods: Ankra, Bosome nsia and TME419 were the cassava varieties used for the study. The cassava starch was extracted, and then modified using cobalt-60 source. The administered doses were 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy at a dose rate of 2.087 kGy/hr, and using zero as the control. The physicochemical and functional properties of the raw and modified cassava starches were evaluated using standard procedures.Results: Gamma irradiation significantly reduced the amylose and carbohydrate contents as well as the colour of cassava starch. Amylose content of Ankra, Bosome nsia and TME 419 were 14.45, 16.39 and 18.21%, respectively. Also, the irradiation reduced the amylose content from 20.21% (control) to 17.47, 15.98, 14.99 and 13.27% at 5-20 kGy, respectively. The carbohydrate content of 44.44, 44.09 and 27.28% were recorded for Ankra, Bosome nsia and TME 419, respectively. Further, the irradiation decreased the carbohydrate content from 48.08% (control) to 45.63, 36.81, 34.94 and 27.54% at 5-20 kGy, respectively. The irradiation doses did not significantly affect the emulsion capacity and stability, and bulk density. The swelling power decreased as the radiation dose increased while solubility index, water and fat absorption capacities and least gelation significantly increased with the radiation dose.Conclusion: Therefore, gamma irradiation could be exploited to alter cassava starch for industrial applications likewise a chemical modification.

The Correlation of Some Secondary Metabolites of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with Plant Organ and Harvest Time

Hamid Reza Vahidipour; Monireh Cheniany; Mehrdad Lahouti; Ali Ganjeali; Maryam Moghaddam Matin

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 28-43

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2013056.1464

Abstract

Background: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important source of phytoestrogens. The abundance of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids has made this plant a rich source ... Read More Background: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important source of phytoestrogens. The abundance of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids has made this plant a rich source of these plant estrogens. Cultivation of alfalfa as a rich source of phytoestrogens for medicinal purposes has provided opportunities for alternative use of this forage.Methods: The study was carried out as a hydroponic culture in a perlite-cocopeat compacted bed with three replications. Roots and shoots of alfalfa plants were sampled separately in two stages (the 30th and 60th days after sowing). Plant samples were extracted with methanol solvent, and total phenols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids contents were measured by spectrophotometric colorimetric method.Results: The data analysis showed a significant effect of plant organ and harvest time on the contents of total phenols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids (P≤0.05). The maximum accumulation of these compounds was in the plant shoots, and with the increase of the harvest time, the content of these phytoestrogens increased. Spearman's correlation analysis showed the different effects of the plant organ on the correlation level of the mentioned metabolites, so the flavonoids of the roots and shoots showed the most positive correlation, while isoflavonoids did not show a significant correlation (P≤0.05).Conclusions: The presence of the maximum contents of total phenols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids in the shoots of alfalfa can be concluded that the distribution of secondary metabolites in plants, the same as the primary metabolites, is mainly dependent on the plant organ and tissue. Furthermore, the maximum content of these metabolites in the vegetative stage of alfalfa is due to the transition from the vegetative stage to the reproductive stage in these plants. Therefore, the late vegetative stage is the best phenological stage and the most suitable harvest time for medicinal applications.

The Synergy of AI and Drug Delivery: A Revolution in Healthcare

Francis-Dominic Makong Ekpan; Merit Oluchi Ori; Humphrey Sam Samuel; Odii Peter Egwuatu

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 44-66

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2014408.1467

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has garnered increasing attention in the last ten years due to its potential applications in biological or genetic data analysis, drug discovery ... Read More

Lipophilic Vitamins (D and E) and Flavonoids (Quercetin and Naringin) Attenuate the Effects of Dichlorvos Toxicity on Catalase Activity

Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf; Alowoeshin Oluwaseun Samuel; Umoren Dayo Otoh; Irimoren Osaruese Emmanuella; Ike Chigozie Okechukwu; Sulaimon Olajuwon Abdul; Okafor Chukwudi Stanley; Adenike Okunade Ambrose; Olamide Tayo Akintola; Hannah Aderinsola Osibodu; Omeiza Momoh; Dayo Abdulwaheed Soleye

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 67-91

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2015198.1470

Abstract

[Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is an organophosphate pesticide and insecticide used all over the world. Catalase is an enzyme that is responsible for degrading hydrogen ... Read More [Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is an organophosphate pesticide and insecticide used all over the world. Catalase is an enzyme that is responsible for degrading hydrogen peroxides present in organs or blood cells and tissue to prevent oxidative damage to these respected organs. The flavonoids (naringin and quercetin) and vitamin D and E have been found to reduce oxidative stress in the body. The study was carried out to detect the effect of specific lipophilic vitamins, naringin, and quercetin on catalase activity in the presence of a dichlorvos induced system. 112 male rats were divided into 14 groups of 8 rats each grouped as positive and negative control groups, dichlorvos only induced groups (2 groups), vitamins only induced groups (vitamin D and vitamin E), flavonoids only induced groups (quercetin and naringin), dichlorvos + vitamins administered groups (2 group each containing a different vitamin administration), and dichlorvos + flavonoids administered groups, baseline group and DMSO4 group. They were administered the dichlorvos for two weeks, and subsequent administration of vitamin D and E with naringin and quercetin respectively two weeks after. The animals were weighed every three days and were sacrificed immediately after administration, plasma and RBC along with the organs (liver and brain) were used to assess the effects of the vitamins and phytochemicals antioxidant capacity on catalase activity of the animals. Results showed that specific vitamin D, naringin, and quercetin were most important in their antioxidant capacity and helped improved catalase activity of initially treated dichlorvos group in some organs and compartments with the brain and red blood cells mostly benefitting from it with dichlorvos + vitamin D group, and vitamin D group having an SEM of 0.141±0.0044 and 0.150±0.00069, respectively, in the red blood cells. Meanwhile, the phytochemicals (naringin and quercetin) were more prominent in attenuating catalase activity in the brain with dichlorvos + naringin group and naringin group recording an SEM of 2.216±0.067 and 2.302±0.076, respectively, and dichlorvos + quercetin group and quercetin group recorded an SEM of 0.670±0.009 and 1.276±0.060, respectively. As a result, the fat-soluble vitamins, and phytochemicals reduced dichlorvos toxicity, but could not offer complete and absolute protection against the hydrogen peroxides and oxidative stress produced.

Esterase Activity in Homogenates of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) Exposed to Low-Lethal Doses of Chlorantraniliprole and Emamectin Benzoate

Seham Mansour Ismail

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2024, , Pages 107-114

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2024.2015152.1469

Abstract

Background: Chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate have been widely used to control pests including FAW. For effective pest control, the sublethal effects of these insecticides ... Read More

Nutraceuticals for the COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment

Khemchand R. Surana; Leena V. Savale; Jayesh S. Aher; Sanket N. Aher; Deepak D. Sonawane; Dhananjay M. Patil

Volume 11, Issue 4 , October 2023, , Pages 247-260

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2023.2010677.1459

Abstract

Background: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was spreading rapidly in 2020, and researchers and medical professionals were working around ... Read More

Antioxidant Effect of N-acetyl Cysteine on the Differentiation Improvement of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a High-Glucose culture

Zeinab Piravar; Ramtin Hamidian; Mina Ramezani

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 127-133

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.2001604.1439

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a common disease affecting majority of populations worldwide. Diabetes is characterized by high levels of circulating glucose and leads to most microvascular ... Read More

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of P. Pentosaceus Bacteriocin (Pediocin) Isolated from Cheese and its Optimization for the Bacteriocin Production

Ciamak Ghazaei

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 134-150

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.2000853.1434

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to assess the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Pediocin, a bacteriocin extracted from cheese, versus a subset of bacteria linked to ... Read More

The Effect of Repeated Cutting and Sowing Date on Herbage and Seed Yield of Azivash (Corchorus olitorius L.), an Edible and Medicinal Plant, in the Gorgan

Seyed Roholla Hosseiny; Mohammad Hossein Ghorbani; Farshid Ghaderi-Far

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 151-163

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2023.2002529.1440

Abstract

Background: Azivash (Corchorus olitorius L.) is an edible and medicinal plant that can be cooked either fresh or dried. It is cultivated in different regions including Asia and Africa. ... Read More

Moringa Leaves with Beneficial Secondary Metabolites

Jaya B. Puri; AbdulBasit Shaikh; Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 164-171

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2023.2002641.1441

Abstract

Background: Moringa originally belongs to India and later on it is taken up to different parts of the world. Moringa oleifera is well known ethnobotanical plant belongs to Moringaceae ... Read More

Alteration of Neurodevelopmental Gene Expression Following Prenatal Exposure to Aquatic Crocus Sativus L. Extract in Mice

Shaghayegh Azangoo Khiavi; Tanaz Sadat Fatemi; Nastaran Asghari Moghaddam; Mina Ramezani

Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2023, , Pages 172-184

https://doi.org/10.48309/ijabbr.2023.2004924.1442

Abstract

Background: Crocus sativus (saffron) is used since ancient times as a medicine and spice. Various studies have demonstrated its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammation properties. ... Read More

Evaluation of the effects of siRNA on Snail1 and miR-143 gene expression levels in metastatic female breast cancer cells during mastectomy

Parmiss Adyani Kalvanagh; Yousef Adyani Kalvanagh

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 56-64

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.1998724.1430

Abstract

Introduction: The present study examines the effects of siRNA on the expression level of Snail1 and miR-143 genes in metastatic breast cancer cells during mastectomy and the results ... Read More

Resistance Development in Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Conventional and New Insecticides in Egypt

Seham Mansour Ismail

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 65-71

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.1989947.1427

Abstract

Background: Spodoptera littoralis Boisad. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious pest that harms crops all over the world. This pest is frequently treated with insecticides, but in many ... Read More

Designing the Cognitive Model of Survivors after Mastectomy

Parmiss Adyani Kalvanagh; Yousef Adyani Kalvanagh

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 72-81

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.1998726.1432

Abstract

Introduction: It should be noted that considering that the present study seeks to understand the transition from cancer to partial recovery, survivors who have recovered their emotional ... Read More

The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Differentiation Ability of Human Adipocyte-Derived Stem Cells to Keratinocytes

Zohreh Bahadorloo; Zeinab Piravar; Jamshid Sabaghzadeh

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 82-93

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.1989118.1426

Abstract

Background: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), is a clinically well-established tool for wound healing. In vitro studies have shown that LLLT has abiostimulatory effect on mesenchymal ... Read More

A Review on the Process of Neuromotor Rehabilitation of Patients with Brain and spine Lesions and Developing Skills in Healthy People by Plasticity Analysis: systematic Review

Mehrdad Zamani Esfahlani; Saeid charsouei

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 94-103

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.2002370.1436

Abstract

Introduction: Withing a short period of time up to six months after brain damage, the brain can be reconstructed and plasticity can be accelerated. Therefore, there is a possibility ... Read More

Efficacy of Intravenous Acetaminophen During the First 24 Hours after Caesarean Section: a Systematic Review

Bahman Naghipour; Vahideh Rahmani

Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2023, , Pages 104-114

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijabbr.2023.2002374.1437

Abstract

Introduction: considering that intravenous acetaminophen is currently usually injected as a bolus, in such a way that it should be injected for 20 minutes and 4 times a day to patients ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Main Subjects = Biological Sciences

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract